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Session complete
Friend Content in Newsfeed · Meta · Product Sense
01Define ‘enough’84Strong
02Diagnose the gap88Strong
03Segment the analysis45Weak
04Design the experiment81Strong
Top growth area

Your one soft spot is segmentation. You reasoned well in aggregate but didn’t split the problem — break it out by user type and network size (new users vs. power users with large networks) before drawing conclusions.

Real case study interviews from

Meta
Google
Uber
Spotify
TikTok
DoorDash
Netflix
18 cases

Diagnosing Metric Changes

Investigate drops, decompose metrics, find root causes

MetaProduct SenseMedium~20 min
News Feed Ranking Decline

Facebook's News Feed team shipped a ranking algorithm change last week. Since then, comments per user are down 12% but time spent is up 5%. The VP wants to know: is this a problem?

Metric decompositionTradeoff reasoningRoot cause analysis
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MetaProduct SenseHard~25 min
Facebook Likes Removal

Facebook is considering removing visible like counts from posts. Instagram already tested hiding likes in several markets. You need to think through how to measure the full impact of this change across users, creators, and the platform ecosystem.

Impact measurementSegment thinkingBehavioral analysisEcosystem reasoning
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MetaProduct SenseHard~25 min
Friend Content in Newsfeed

The Facebook Newsfeed team is trying to understand whether users see enough friend content in their feed. The balance between friend posts, public content, and recommended content is critical to Facebook's value proposition. You need to figure out how to measure and optimize this.

Metric definitionContent balance optimizationSegment analysisExperiment design
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MetaProduct SenseHard~25 min
Average Reels Watched Drop

The Reels team has flagged an alarming trend: 'average reels watched per session' has dropped precipitously over the past week. The VP wants answers by end of day. You need to diagnose what's happening and whether it's actually a problem.

Root cause analysisMetric decompositionData quality awarenessUrgency management
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AmazonProduct SenseHard~30 min
Returns Investigation

Amazon's return rate jumped 15% week-over-week. The VP of Customer Experience wants answers by end of day. Walk me through your investigation.

Metric investigationCustomer thinkingSegmentationRoot cause analysis
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GoogleProduct SenseHard~30 min
YouTube Watch Time Drop

YouTube's total watch time dropped 8% week-over-week. The VP of Product wants a root cause analysis before the quarterly business review. Multiple platform, regional, and content-type dimensions may be driving the decline, and early data suggests the drop is concentrated on mobile.

Metric decomposition across multiple dimensionsPlatform-specific hypothesis generationDistinguishing product vs. external causesPrioritized investigation framework
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GoogleProduct SenseHard~30 min
Google Play Privacy vs Engagement

Google Play's privacy perception score improved 8% after launching prominent privacy labels, but Play Store engagement (app installs, browse time, return visits) dropped 14% in the same period. The VP of Trust & Safety wants to understand whether the privacy initiative is hurting engagement or if this is coincidental.

Disentangling correlated metricsCausal vs. coincidental analysisUser segment-level diagnosisPrivacy-engagement tradeoff reasoning
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GoogleProduct SenseHard~30 min
Google Search Simpson's Paradox

Average searches per user declined 4% globally, but average searches per user increased in every individual country. The CEO asks why the global number is going down if every country is improving. You need to diagnose and explain this paradox clearly enough for an executive audience.

Simpson's Paradox recognitionCompositional shift analysisExecutive-level metric communicationGrowth-stage metric framing
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GoogleProduct SenseMedium~25 min
Google Maps DAU Drop

Google Maps DAU dropped 10% over the past 2 weeks. The VP of Geo wants an explanation before the exec review. The drop could stem from a recent iOS update, a product change, an external factor, or a data quality issue. You need to systematically rule out hypotheses.

Systematic hypothesis eliminationPlatform-specific diagnosisData quality vs. product vs. external cause distinctionStructured communication under time pressure
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UberProduct SenseHard~30 min
Rider Cancellation Spike Investigation

Rider cancellation rate in San Francisco jumped from 8% to 14% over the last week. Your team flagged this. Walk me through your investigation.

Two-sided marketplace reasoningSupply-demand decompositionRoot cause analysisFeedback loop identification
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TikTokProduct SenseHard~30 min
Algorithm Change — Creator Impact

TikTok's recommendation team optimized for watch-through rate instead of engagement rate. Watch time is up 5%, but creator follower growth is down 8%. The creator partnerships team is concerned. Investigate.

Root cause analysisEcosystem tradeoffExperiment designCreator economics
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CoinbaseProduct SenseHard~30 min
Trading Volume Decline Investigation

Coinbase's total trading volume dropped 30% month-over-month. The CEO wants to understand if this is a market problem or a product problem. Walk through your investigation.

Metric investigationMarket vs. product decompositionSegmentationRoot cause analysis
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DoorDashProduct SenseHard~30 min
Cold Food Crisis

Cold food complaints have spiked 34% over the past 3 weeks across 12 metro areas. The VP of Customer Experience wants a root cause analysis. Two recent operational changes — batched delivery and prep time inflation — may be interacting in unexpected ways.

Root cause analysis with interaction effectsMultiplicative vs. additive decompositionTimeline-to-product-change mappingBusiness trade-off reasoning
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DoorDashProduct SenseMedium~20 min
Delivery Time Investigation

Average delivery time increased by 4.2 minutes last month across the platform. No major product changes were shipped. The operations team is alarmed and wants to know what's driving the increase and whether it requires immediate action.

Metric decompositionPrioritized investigationSupply/demand diagnosis
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DoorDashProduct SenseMedium~20 min
Regional Cancellation Spike

Consumer order cancellations are up 28% in specific geographic markets over the past two weeks. The pattern is concentrated in suburban areas during dinner rush hours. You need to diagnose the root cause and recommend immediate actions.

Root cause analysisSupply vs. demand diagnosisGeographic analysis
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SpotifyProduct SenseHard~30 min
Spotify Installs Dropped 25%

Spotify's app installs dropped 25% month-over-month across all platforms. The CMO flagged this in the weekly business review and wants a root cause analysis within 48 hours. Multiple factors could be at play — marketing spend changes, competitive moves, platform-level shifts, and seasonality. You need to structure the investigation, identify the most likely causes, and size their impact.

Multi-dimensional metric diagnosisSegmentation by platform, geography, and channelCompetitive impact sizingSeparating internal vs. external causes
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SpotifyProduct SenseHard~35 min
Anomalous Account Behavior Detection

Spotify's Trust & Safety team has flagged a spike in anomalous account behavior — accounts with listening patterns consistent with credential sharing, bot-driven stream farming, or compromised accounts. These accounts inflate streaming metrics, distort royalty payouts, and degrade recommendation quality. You need to design signals for detecting different types of anomalous behavior, set appropriate thresholds, reason about false positive tolerance, and define success metrics for a fraud detection system.

Signal design for anomaly detectionThreshold setting and false positive tolerance reasoningMulti-type fraud taxonomyMeasuring success of a detection system
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NetflixProduct SenseHard~30 min
Engagement Metric Dropped 20%

Netflix's primary engagement metric has dropped 20% week-over-week. Leadership is alarmed and wants a root cause analysis within 48 hours. The drop could be a data issue, a seasonal effect, a product change, a content gap, or a genuine shift in user behavior. You need to structure a systematic investigation and determine what's real vs. artifactual.

Systematic root cause analysis for metric dropsRuling out technical and methodological artifactsSegmenting a metric drop to isolate the causeSeparating correlation from causation in metric diagnosis
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